Hady (sacrificial animal for Tamattu' and Qiran)
al-Hady
Overview
The Hady is the sacrificial animal offered by a Tamattu' or Qiran pilgrim in thanks for joining 'Umrah and Hajj in one journey. It is slaughtered within the Haram during the days of sacrifice, and its owner may eat from it.
Du'a
At the slaughter
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُمَّ مِنْكَ وَلَكَ
Bismillah, wa-llahu akbar. Allahumma minka wa lak
In the name of Allah, and Allah is the greatest. O Allah, from You and to You.
Said as the hady is slaughtered, facing the qiblah.
Source · Sahih Muslim 1966-1967
Grade · Sahih. 'Bismillah, Allahu akbar' is established in Sahih Muslim; 'Allahumma minka wa lak' is a well-known addition reported in the Sunan.
Qur'an
PRIMARY — Surah Al-Baqarah:'فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ ۚ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ ۗ تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ'— 'And whoever performs 'Umrah [combined with] Hajj [tamattu'], then [he must offer] what can be obtained with ease of sacrificial animals. And whoever cannot find [one] — then a fast of three days during Hajj and of seven when you have returned [home]. Those are ten complete [days].' SUPPORTING — Al-Ma'idah ('هَدْيًا بَالِغَ الْكَعْبَةِ','an offering [formally designated] to reach the Ka'bah') is cited for the rule that the offering is slaughtered within the Haram; Al-Hajj ('وَالْبُدْنَ جَعَلْنَاهَا لَكُم مِّن شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ','We have made the sacrificial camels among the symbols of Allah') references the budn/hady generally.
'فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ ۚ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ ۗ تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ'References · Qur'an 2:196 · Qur'an 5:95 · Qur'an 22:36
Hadith
Narrator: Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (RA) — in the year of al-Hudaybiyah, 'we slaughtered with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) a camel on behalf of seven persons and a cow on behalf of seven persons' — establishing that a camel or cow suffices for seven, while a sheep/goat is for one. Also in Jabir's (RA) long Hajj narration the Prophet (ﷺ) offered his own hady and said 'all of Mina is a place of sacrifice' (basis for slaughter within the Haram).
References · Sahih Muslim 1318 · Sahih Muslim 1218
Grade · Sahih Muslim 1318: Sahih (Sahih Muslim; a camel or cow suffices for seven), Sahih Muslim 1218: Sahih (Sahih Muslim; Jabir's (RA) Farewell-Hajj narration)
Applies to
Tamattu' and Qiran only; Ifrad owes no hady. Quantity: one sheep or goat suffices for one person, and a camel or a cow counts for seven persons (Muslim 1318).
If missed
Whoever is able but neglects it deliberately is sinful and the hady remains a debt he must still discharge. Whoever cannot afford it fasts three days during the Hajj and seven after returning home — ten in all (Qur'an 2:196). It does not, by itself, invalidate the Hajj.
Dam / Fidyah if omitted
Timing & place
Slaughtered during the days of nahr, beginning on the Day of Nahr (10th Dhul-Hijjah) after the stoning of Jamrat al-'Aqabah, and extending through the days of Tashriq.
Within the Haram of Makkah — in practice Mina or Makkah. Slaughter outside the Haram (e.g., Jeddah or 'Arafah) is invalid and must be redone. Today it is normally arranged through authorized banks/agencies (e.g., the Adahi / Islamic Development Bank scheme).
Common mistakes
- •A mufrid mistakenly thinking he must sacrifice (or, conversely, a mutamatti'/qarin omitting it)
- •Those unable to afford it not knowing the 3+7 fasting substitute, or fasting incorrectly (e.g., on the Day of 'Arafah or on the forbidden days of nahr)
- •Arranging slaughter outside the Haram
- •Assuming the udhiyah (Eid sacrifice) done back home substitutes for the Hajj hady
- •And giving away all of it — since it is dam shukr, eating a portion is recommended
Across the madhabs
All four schools hold the hady wajib on the mutamatti' and the qarin, and agree the mufrid owes none; they diverge on the last day it may be slaughtered.
- •Hanafi: through sunset of the 12th — the days of nahr are the 10th, 11th and 12th.
- •Maliki: through sunset of the 12th, on the same three days of nahr.
- •Shafi'i: through sunset of the 13th (the strongest view), giving four days.
- •Hanbali: through sunset of the 12th in the relied-upon view; a second narration in the school extends it to the 13th.
Notes
Distinguish the hady of tamattu'/qiran from the udhiyah (Eid al-Adha sacrifice) and from a dam of violation (dam jabr, e.g., for ihram breaches). Because the tamattu' dam is dam shukr rather than a penalty, its owner may eat from it. The Hanafi school stipulates that the three-day fast, for one who cannot afford the hady, be completed before the Day of 'Arafah. Schools also differ on the last valid slaughter day (see Across the madhabs).